Publications Public finance Europe

How the EU can match the US Inflation Reduction-Act

10 February 2023 - Foreword of the week - By : Thomas PELLERIN-CARLIN

Last August, the US Congress adopted the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). It became the epicentre of EU fears of seeing cleantech projects, like battery or solar panel gigafactories, settling in the US rather than in the EU. There is some rationality behind that fear. The IRA indeed provides sizable public funding, with 10 years predictability and the simplicity of having a single federal level scheme. Moreover, the IRA does not only subsidize cleantech manufacturing. For instance, in the case of electric vehicles, the IRA supports the mining of critical minerals, the manufacturing of the battery, the purchase of the electric car and the production of renewable electricity. In other words, with IRA the US now has a genuine long-term climate investment plan.

 

The IRA is a wake-up call for the EU, as is China’s Five years Plan and Japan’s 20 trillion Yen Green Transformation Programme. Let’s be clear. Seeing major Governments organising long-term climate investment plans is great news for climate action. In our latest brief published today, I4CE argues that the logical solution is an EU long-term climate investment plan. Yet, there is currently little political appetite for such a discussion. The Institute therefore recommends the European Commission to use the existing political momentum around the IRA and cleantech, to propose an EU Cleantech Investment Plan that focus on the scale-up and manufacturing of key clean technologies. The EU should scale green public procurement and launch EU-wide support schemes, as part of this plan.

 

Today the 27 Heads of States and Governments of the EU reconvene for a Special European Council. They should use this opportunity to provide political backing to an EU cleantech investment plan, and task their ministers to map and assess their own national schemes to identify synergies and gaps. This would help the European Commission design its Net-Zero Industry Act, tabled for 08 March 2023. However necessary, such Cleantech Investment Plan should only be the first step for a wider discussion. The EU needs to build a long-term climate investment plan that tackles all climate investment needs, such as public transport infrastructure or targeted support for low-income and middle-class Europeans. This is crucial to ensure EU, national and private investments turn all the European Green Deal objectives into tangible realities for businesses, workers and families.

 

Read the newsletter

To learn more
  • 01/16/2026 Blog post
    CBAM and fertilisers: ring-fencing budgets to help farmers reduce their use of mineral fertilisers

    The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) came into force on 1 January 2026. It is a carbon tax applied at the borders of the European Union to imports of certain industrial products covered by the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). Nitrogen-based mineral fertilisers are included in this initial list of products. To avoid an increase in costs for the farmers concerned, the level of the tax has been reduced for fertilisers, and they may even be temporarily excluded from the scope of the CBAM. Yet, for the climate, but also for France’s strategic independence and food sovereignty, the CBAM will ultimately have to be fully applied to mineral fertilisers. To limit or even avoid an increase in farmers’ fertiliser expenditure, we need public policies – some of which are currently under threat. Ring-fencing budgets for these policies would be a way to support farmers’ incomes and the food sovereignty of both the European Union and France, while reducing the carbon footprint of our food system. 

  • 01/16/2026 Foreword of the week
    2026: An electric atmosphere

    The year ahead promises to be electric. In a highly unpredictable geopolitical context, the European Union must balance its commitment to the long-term goals of climate neutrality and the immediate attention to security and competitiveness concerns. This puts electrification high on the agenda in Brussels. First, the Grids Package, presented in December 2025, provides for a more centralised approach to planning and is expected to be adopted by the Council in June. Second, before the summer, the Commission intends to present an Electrification Action Plan, which will focus on lowering prices and reinforcing demand. 

  • 10/28/2025
    Adapting France to +4°C: current resources, additional needs, and funding options

    Cette étude s’inscrit dans la continuité des travaux d’I4CE engagés depuis plusieurs années sur la qualification et la quantification des besoins et des moyens pour l’adaptation en France. Elle propose une vision d’ensemble de ce que l’on peut dire à date sur ces aspects, basée sur le suivi et l’analyse d’une quinzaine de domaines d’action publique concernés par le changement climatique. Alors que l’adaptation est souvent un grand oublié des PLF, ce rapport apporte des éléments sur l’effort consenti aujourd’hui, les besoins identifiés pour demain et les modalités de répartition des coûts.

See all publications
Press contact Amélie FRITZ Head of Communication and press relations Email
Subscribe to our mailing list :
I register !
Subscribe to our newsletter
Once a week, receive all the information on climate economics
I register !
Fermer