Publications

I4CE publications that YOU preferred in 2018

10 January 2019 - Blog post

Before immersing themselves in the New Year, the I4CE team wanted to take the time to look in the mirror. And rather than telling you what we at I4CE  have learned from our 2018 activity, we have preferred to highlight what you have preferred. Here are the five most viewed publications in 2018 on our website.

 

#1 – The 2018 Global Carbon Accounts 

 

This annual publication provides an update on key trends in carbon pricing policies around the world. In the 2018 edition, it was reported that 46 countries and 26 provinces or cities had already implemented a carbon tax or market, with a carbon price ranging from 1 to over 100 euros. And that these instruments had generated 26 billion euros of income in 2017.

 

 

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#2 – The landscape of domestic climate finance 2018 

 

Another annual publication of I4CE, which evaluates each year the amount invested by France and the French for the climate: insulation of housing, development of renewable energies, public transport, low-carbon vehicles… The 2018 edition of the Landscape revealed that climate investments have been rising for several years and now exceed 40 billion euros. But that this increase is too small to close the annual investment gap, estimated at between 10 and 30 billion per year.

 

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#3 – “Mind the gap”: Aligning the EU’s 2030 energy-climate policies to achieve long-term climate objectives 

 

In the midst of a debate on the revision of the European Union’s energy-climate policies, this study by I4CE and Enerdata highlighted the inadequacy between the EU’s objectives for 2030 and its long-term objectives. It also highlighted the importance of taking into account the interactions between these different policies, such as the development of renewable energies, which reduces the price of CO2 on the European market if the ambition of this market is not increased.

 

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#4 – Carbon pricing in the world: the increase in revenues raises the question of uses

 

As the carbon tax was becoming a hot topic in France, I4CE  published the first results of a study conducted with the World Bank and the French Development Agency on the use of carbon revenues around the world. In this brief, we learned that 46% of the revenues from taxes and carbon markets worldwide are used to invest in low-carbon projects, 44% are allocated to the general budget, and the rest are used to reduce other taxes or are transferred directly to companies and households.

 

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#5 – Article 173: Overview of climate-related financial dislosure after two years of implementation

 

In 2015, in France, Article 173-VI of the Energy Transition Act set a global precedent by requiring investors to be transparent about the climate impact of their investments. In this brief, I4CE reviews the application of this article and its consequences on reporting practices and investment management. The Institute makes recommendations to improve the impact of this article, and to feed the European debate where negotiations are underway on an investor transparency obligation.

 

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To learn more
  • 01/23/2026 Foreword of the week
    Financing carbon farming practices: lessons learnt in France can reinforce the EU level initiatives

    In a challenging economic and political context, especially for the agriculture sector, some incentive schemes can still help bring stakeholders together in climate transition and resilience initiatives. This is the case with carbon certification schemes, which both ensure the credibility of the climate impact of the actions implemented and provide remuneration for farmers and foresters for changes in practices. Some of these measures, such as replacing mineral fertilisers (mostly imported) with organic fertilisers, also help to meet the sector’s needs for resilience and strategic independence, which are crucial in the current context.

  • 01/21/2026 Blog post
    On Carbon Removals and Carbon Farming the devil is in…the demand

    The implementation of carbon farming practices on European farms and in European forests is a lever for achieving carbon neutrality, but also for farm resilience, the adaptation of forest stands to climate change and for contributing to our strategic independence. Certifying and financing low-carbon practices is the objective of the CRCF (Carbon Removals and Carbon Farming) regulation, which will come into effect in 2026. Now seems the right time to draw lessons from six years of experience with a similar standard in France: the “Label Bas-Carbone” (Low Carbon Label – LBC). The results show that striking a balance between scientific rigour and accessibility for stakeholders has led to the development of a substantial range of projects. However, the real challenge is to build sufficient and appropriate demand to finance the projects. There is no miracle solution, but complementary financing channels may emerge. 

  • 01/16/2026 Blog post
    CBAM and fertilisers: ring-fencing budgets to help farmers reduce their use of mineral fertilisers

    The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) came into force on 1 January 2026. It is a carbon tax applied at the borders of the European Union to imports of certain industrial products covered by the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). Nitrogen-based mineral fertilisers are included in this initial list of products. To avoid an increase in costs for the farmers concerned, the level of the tax has been reduced for fertilisers, and they may even be temporarily excluded from the scope of the CBAM. Yet, for the climate, but also for France’s strategic independence and food sovereignty, the CBAM will ultimately have to be fully applied to mineral fertilisers. To limit or even avoid an increase in farmers’ fertiliser expenditure, we need public policies – some of which are currently under threat. Ring-fencing budgets for these policies would be a way to support farmers’ incomes and the food sovereignty of both the European Union and France, while reducing the carbon footprint of our food system. 

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Press contact Amélie FRITZ Head of Communication and press relations Email
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